Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is responsible for standardizing and certifying goods and services to ensure safety and reliability for consumers. Established in 1986, BIS also certifies gold based on Indian standards for fineness and purity through testing at its centers.

Related Terms

Bullion

Bullion refers to gold, silver, and other high-purity non-ferrous metals, typically shaped into bars or coins. It is recognized as a legal tender, held by central banks, and is utilized by investors to hedge against inflation and manage portfolios effectively.

Bull Market

A bull market is a positive trend in the stock market characterized by a price increase of 20% or more following a decline of 20%. Investors often express bullish sentiments when they anticipate sustained growth in the market over time.

Budget

A budget refers to a financial plan that outlines how an individual or organization allocates funds for spending and managing expenses. In macroeconomics, it represents the trade-offs made in the exchange of goods, helping to track income and expenditures effectively.

Buy-back (compensation) 

Buy-back (compensation) is a form of countertrade where an exporter of heavy equipment or technology agrees to purchase a certain percentage of the output from a new facility once it begins production. This arrangement benefits both parties involved in the trade.

Call Option

A call option is a derivative contract that grants the buyer the right but not the obligation to purchase an underlying asset such as shares, commodities, or currencies at a predetermined price within a specified timeframe, primarily used for speculation and profit generation.

Capital

Capital refers to the total amount of money a trader uses to buy and sell securities, often starting with “starting capital.” For investors, it encompasses cash and financial assets. In economics, capital includes machinery, inventory, and factories necessary for production.

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